Icons legend/Ship Status Indicators

When the player's ship, or the ship that the player has currently targeted, takes certain types of damage (whether from a modified or standard weapon) the ship HUD will indicate this via the display of weapon effect icons shown below the relevant schematic for the affected ship.
It will also display positive effects like shield regeneration and hull repair.

Ship status indicators

Icon	Description	Effect	Sources
	Corrosion	Ship maximum armour is reduced by 20 and the ship takes 25% more damage from all sources.	Corrosive Shell
	Caustic damage	Ship is taking gradual hull damage over time until the source of the caustic damage is removed.	Thargoid Interceptor caustic missiles, "Orthrus Variant" Thargoid Interceptor wake, Thargoid Caustic Generators, Enzyme Missiles
	Engine Disruption	Speed is reduced; changing ENG pips has no effect on the ship's speed.	Drag Munitions
	Engine Reboot	Thrusters are temporarily disabled.	Ion Disruptor, Thargoid Caustic Generator explosion
	FSD Reboot	The Frame Shift Drive is temporarily disabled.	FSD Interrupt, Containment Missile Powerplay weapon, Shift-Lock Canister
	Hull Breach	Ship is taking significant direct damage to modules.	High-Yield Shell
	Impulse Attack	Ship is being physically pushed out of its trajectory.	Railgun, Force Shell
	Increased Emissions	The ship's signature is being increased, making it easier to detect and generate heat faster.	Emissive Munitions
	Internal Damage	Ship is taking internal module damage.	Overheating, Missile Racks (both dumbfire and seeker), strike on internal modules
	Malfunction	A module is malfunctioning; this is happening regardless of the module's health. - Yellow icon: a low chance that a malfunction will occur. - Red icon: a malfunction becomes active. The Red icon is visible while receiving continuous weapon fire.	Scramble Spectrum, Pulse Disruptor
	Mass Locked	The Frame Shift Drive needs over 1 minute to enter supercruise. Hyperspace jump time is unaffected.	Mass Lock Munition
	Regeneration	The Shield Generator is being recharged at 1000+ points/second.	Concordant Sequence, Regeneration Sequence Only teammates can be affected.
	An effect wears out	Icon briefly flashes over effect icon when the effect wears out, before it's icon is removed	Effect timed out or removed by some action
	Being repaired	The ship's hull is being repaired, restoring its armour.	Repair Limpets
	Sensor Disruption	The ship may experience reduced Sensor range and weapon target lock interference with decreased reliability.	Dazzle Shell, Seismic Charge explosion
	Shield Breach	The hull is taking damage regardless of shield strength.	Phasing Sequence, Thargoid Scout weapons
	Shield Cell Cascade	A Shield Cell Bank is damaged, and the shield restoration rate is reduced	Feedback Cascade
	Shield Generator Attack	The Shield Generator is taking direct damage.	Defence Turrets, Reverberating Cascade
	Shield Reboot	Shield Generator is temporarily disabled.	Unknown
	Target Interference	Target lock is lost.	Target Lock Breaker
	Targeting Overload	Turreted and gimballed weapons are scrambled, redcucing their tracking efficiency.	Dispersal Field, Thargoid Titan Field
	Thermal Attack	Ship is gaining heat from a damaging source.	Plasma Accelerator, Thermal Cascade, Thermal Shock

There is also an external ship status called "Hazardous Substance Detected" which often occurs as a replacement of "Internal Damage". It has a red grade-five material icon.