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Template:IPAc-en/doc

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This template is used to display English International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). The pronunciation is broken into individual diaphonemes so that they will have tooltips (mouse-over text) to indicate pronunciation. All diaphonemes from Help:IPA/English are available.

Usage

The transcription system of Help:IPA/English, upon which this template relies, is diaphonemic, i.e. meant to cover multiple major varieties of English at once. If you wish to give a narrow transcription of a pronunciation in a certain variety of English, use {{IPA|en|...|generic=yes}}.

Note: Per WP:LEAD, do not use this template in the lead section for common English words (e.g., pub, rose, pencil, bus, Monday, Earth, etc.).

The named parameter |audio= may be used to link to an audio file. Notations with audio links will appear under Category:Pages including recorded pronunciations.

If "[invalid input]" is displayed, it means that an unsupported input was used. Such instances are tallied at Category:Ill-formatted IPAc-en transclusions, where they can be reviewed and fixed.

Examples

  • {{IPAc-en|ˌ|æ|l|ə|ˈ|b|æ|m|ə}} → /ˌæləˈbæmə/
  • {{IPAc-en|audio=en-us-Alabama.ogg|ˌ|æ|l|ə|ˈ|b|æ|m|ə}} → /ˌæləˈbæmə/ Audio file "en-us-Alabama.ogg" not found
  • {{IPAc-en|US|audio=en-us-Alabama.ogg|ˌ|æ|l|ə|ˈ|b|æ|m|ə}} → US: /ˌæləˈbæmə/ Audio file "en-us-Alabama.ogg" not found

Examples using X-SAMPA spelling for individual diaphonemes:

  • {{IPAc-en|,|{|l|@|'|b|{|m|@}} → /ˌæləˈbæmə/
  • {{IPAc-en|lang|audio=en-us-Alabama.ogg|,|{|l|@|'|b|{|m|@}} → English: /ˌæləˈbæmə/ Audio file "en-us-Alabama.ogg" not found

The initial argument (entry after |) can be used to indicate a pronunciation label. The codes are:

Label codes
Code Output
lang English:
local locally
ipa IPA:
also also
uk UK:
us US:
uklang British English:
uslang American English:
ukalso UK also
usalso US also
alsouk also UK:
alsous also US:

The first argument that is not a code above will be treated as a diaphoneme. All diaphonemes listed at Help:IPA/English are available (except the ones that span two syllables such as /iə/, which need to be input as i|ə). Also available are /ɪəˈr/, /ɛəˈr/, /ʊəˈr/, /ɪəˌr/, /ɛəˌr/, and /ʊəˌr/, preserved for when a centering diphthong precedes a stress.

Separator codes

Use an underscore _ to separate words. When multiple pronunciations for the same word(s) are possible, use a comma and an underscore ,_, which will appear as a comma and a space, to separate the variants. As necessary, use a hyphen - to indicate omitted syllables. Diaphonemes are underlined, but separators are not, and separators do not have any tooltip text.

See the table below for a full list of separator codes.

Diaphoneme codes

Note that the aliases include ones that are kept merely for compatibility reasons and therefore not recommended for further use, as they might not accurately represent the sound represented by the output. Aliases from X-SAMPA, on the other hand, are fine.

Code Aliases Display text Tooltip Type
b b 'b' in 'buy' diaphoneme
d d 'd' in 'dye' diaphoneme
dj dy, dʲ dj /dj/: 'd' in 'dew' diaphoneme
dʒ dZ, ʤ dʒ /dʒ/: 'j' in 'jam' diaphoneme
ð D ð /ð/: 'th' in 'this' diaphoneme
f f 'f' in 'find' diaphoneme
ɡ g ɡ /ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy' diaphoneme
h h 'h' in 'hi' diaphoneme
hw ʍ hw /hw/: 'wh' in 'why' diaphoneme
j y j /j/: 'y' in 'yes' diaphoneme
k k 'k' in 'kind' diaphoneme
l l 'l' in 'lie' diaphoneme
lj ly, lʲ lj /lj/: 'l' in 'lute' diaphoneme
m m 'm' in 'my' diaphoneme
n n 'n' in 'nigh' diaphoneme
nj ny, nʲ nj /nj/: 'n' in 'new' diaphoneme
ŋ N, ng ŋ /ŋ/: 'ng' in 'sing' diaphoneme
p p 'p' in 'pie' diaphoneme
r ɹ, ɻ r 'r' in 'rye' diaphoneme
s s 's' in 'sigh' diaphoneme
sj sy, sʲ sj /sj/: 's' in 'consume' diaphoneme
ʃ S, sh ʃ /ʃ/: 'sh' in 'shy' diaphoneme
t t 't' in 'tie' diaphoneme
tj ty, tʲ tj /tj/: 't' in 'tune' diaphoneme
tʃ tS, ʧ, ch tʃ /tʃ/: 'ch' in 'China' diaphoneme
θ T θ /θ/: 'th' in 'thigh' diaphoneme
θj θy, θʲ θj /θj/: 'th' in 'enthuse' diaphoneme
v v 'v' in 'vie' diaphoneme
w w 'w' in 'wind' diaphoneme
z z 'z' in 'zoom' diaphoneme
zj zy, zʲ zj /zj/: 'Z' in 'Zeus' diaphoneme
ʒ Z, zh ʒ /ʒ/: 's' in 'pleasure' diaphoneme
ɑː A:, ɑ:, aː, a: ɑː /ɑː/: 'a' in 'father' diaphoneme
ɑːr ɑɹ, aːr, a:r, ɑ:r, ɑr ɑːr /ɑːr/: 'ar' in 'far' diaphoneme
ɒ Q ɒ /ɒ/: 'o' in 'body' diaphoneme
ɒr Qr ɒr /ɒr/: 'or' in 'moral' diaphoneme
æ ae, { æ /æ/: 'a' in 'bad' diaphoneme
ær aer, &r, æɹ ær /ær/: 'arr' in 'marry' diaphoneme
aɪ ai, aI aɪ /aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide' diaphoneme
aɪər aɪr, aIr, aɪə aɪər /aɪər/: 'ire' in 'fire' diaphoneme
aʊ au, aU aʊ /aʊ/: 'ou' in 'mouth' diaphoneme
aʊər aʊr, aUr, aʊə, aur aʊər /aʊər/: 'our' in 'hour' diaphoneme
ɛ E ɛ /ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress' diaphoneme
ɛr Er ɛr /ɛr/: 'err' in 'merry' diaphoneme
eɪ ei, eI, eː, e: eɪ /eɪ/: 'a' in 'face' diaphoneme
ɛər eir, eIr, e@r, E@r, ɛɪɹ, eɪr, eːr, e:r, ɛəɹ, ɛə, ɛːr, ɛ:r, ɛː, ɛ:, E:, E:r ɛər /ɛər/: 'are' in 'bare' diaphoneme
ɛəˈr ɛə'r, eəˈr, eə'r, e@'r, E@'r, ɛːˈr, E:'r ɛəˈr /ɛəˈr/: 'ere' in 'thereof' diaphoneme
ɛəˌr ɛə,r, eəˌr, eə,r, E@,r, E@%r, e@,r, e@%r, ɛːˌr, E:,r, E:%r ɛəˌr /ɛəˌr/: 'ere' in 'thereof' diaphoneme
ɪ I, ᵻ ɪ /ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit' diaphoneme
ɪr ɪr /ɪr/: 'irr' in 'mirror' diaphoneme
iː i: iː /iː/: 'ee' in 'fleece' diaphoneme
ɪər i:r, iːr, I@r, i@r, ɪəɹ, iːɹ, ɪə ɪər /ɪər/: 'ear' in 'near' diaphoneme
ɪəˈr ɪə'r, I@'r ɪəˈr /ɪəˈr/: 'er' in 'spheroidal' diaphoneme
ɪəˌr ɪə,r, I@,r, I@%r ɪəˌr /ɪəˌr/: 'er' in 'spheroidal' diaphoneme
oʊ o:, oː, ou, oU, @u, @U, əʊ, əu, oʊ- oʊ /oʊ/: 'o' in 'code' diaphoneme
ɔː O, O:, ɔ:, ɒː, Q: ɔː /ɔː/: 'au' in 'fraud' diaphoneme
ɔːr Or, ɔɹ, ɔ(r), ɔr, ɔər, oUr, ɔəɹ, ɔʊɹ, oʊɹ, oʊr, oːr, o:r, ɔə, ɔə(r) ɔːr /ɔːr/: 'ar' in 'war' diaphoneme
ɔɪ oj, ɔj, oi, oɪ, ɔi, OI, oy ɔɪ /ɔɪ/: 'oi' in 'choice' diaphoneme
ɔɪər ɔɪr, oyr, ɔɪə ɔɪər /ɔɪər/: 'oir' in 'coir' diaphoneme
ʊ U, ᵿ ʊ /ʊ/: 'u' in 'push' diaphoneme
ʊr Ur ʊr /ʊr/: 'our' in 'courier' diaphoneme
uː u: uː /uː/: 'oo' in 'goose' diaphoneme
ʊər u:r, uːr, u@r, U@r, ʊəɹ, ʊə ʊər /ʊər/: 'our' in 'tour' diaphoneme
ʊəˈr ʊə'r, U@'r ʊəˈr /ʊəˈr/: 'ur' in 'plurality' diaphoneme
ʊəˌr ʊə,r, U@,r, U@%r ʊəˌr /ʊəˌr/: 'ur' in 'plurality' diaphoneme
ʌ V ʌ /ʌ/: 'u' in 'cut' diaphoneme
ʌr Vr, ʌɹ ʌr /ʌr/: 'urr' in 'hurry' diaphoneme
ɜːr ɝː, ɝ, 3r, 3:r, əːr, @:r, ɜɹ, ɜ(r), ɜr ɜːr /ɜːr/: 'ur' in 'fur' diaphoneme
ə @ ə /ə/: 'a' in 'about' diaphoneme
ər ɚ, @r, əɹ, ə(r) ər /ər/: 'er' in 'letter' diaphoneme
əl @l, ᵊl, l̩ əl /əl/: 'le' in 'bottle' diaphoneme
ən @n, ᵊn, n̩ ən /ən/: 'on' in 'button' diaphoneme
əm @m, ᵊm, m̩ əm /əm/: 'm' in 'rhythm' diaphoneme
i i /i/: 'y' in 'happy' diaphoneme
u u /u/: 'u' in 'influence' diaphoneme
x kh x /x/: 'ch' in 'loch' diaphoneme
ʔ ? ʔ /ʔ/: the catch in 'uh-oh' diaphoneme
ɒ̃ ɑ̃, ɒ~, ɑ~, Q~ ɒ̃ /ɒ̃/: nasal 'an' in 'vin blanc' diaphoneme
æ̃ ae~, {~, ã, a~ æ̃ /æ̃/: nasal 'in' in 'vin blanc' diaphoneme
ɜː 3, 3:, ɜ:, ɜ, əː, @: ɜː /ɜː/: r-less 'ur' in 'nurse' diaphoneme
ˈ ', " ˈ /ˈ/: primary stress follows diaphoneme
ˌ ,, % ˌ /ˌ/: secondary stress follows diaphoneme
. · . /./: syllable break diaphoneme
# # /#/: morpheme break diaphoneme
! | /: prosodic break (minor) diaphoneme
!! ‖ ‖ /‖/: prosodic break (major) diaphoneme
_ separator
nbsp   separator
,_ , separator
- – - separator
( ( separator
) ) separator
...  ...  separator
juː juː /juː/: 'u' in 'cute' diaphoneme
jʊər jʊər /jʊər/: 'ure' in 'cure' diaphoneme

TemplateData

See also

v • d • e
IPA templates
Inline
Charts
Guidance
Meta templates
Template:IPAc-en invokes Module:Navbox using Lua.

Usage

This template can be used to make a standard navigation box. It is intended for use within another template that standardises the title and contents of the box (see Template:ShipNavbox). This template SHOULD NOT be used directly within articles, as it creates a maintenance burden to do so whenever the contents of the box have to be updated.

The purpose of this template is to standardise the attributes of all navigation boxes, for example, their colours and other CSS attributes. The template is fairly simple, and could be extended to add other features in the future. Using this template allows changes to be implemented much quicker and easier than editing each template separately.

Syntax

{{navbox
|state      = uncollapsed, collapsed, plain, autocollapse (default)
|name       = mandatory - name of the template
|style      = optional - style for the whole table
|title      = mandatory - navbox header
|gtitleN    = optional - title of N-th group of items
|styleN     = optional - style for groupN; i.e. text-align
|groupN     = mandatory - list of groups of items
|fstyle     = optional - style for footer ; i.e. text-align
|footer     = optional - navbox footer
}}
  • Groups: Currently there is no technical limit to the maximum number of groups.
    • Groups of items can be added as parameters: group1, group2, group3, ... up to groupN.
  • Group title: Each group has its own title parameter: gtitle1, gtitle2, gtitle3, ... up to gtitleN. Note that the default width for the first column is 15%.
  • Group style: Style may also be customised to each group in: style1, style2, style3, ... up to styleN.
    • Note that neither the title nor the items have any wiki-links built into the template. As a result, users of the template are free to use wiki-links as they wish.
  • Line breaks: Line-breaks (<br />) are unnecessary, as text wrapping is done automatically by the template. This also includes links and text in gtitleN and groupN.
  • Bullets: Create unordered lists with lines beginning with *.
  • Pipe links: Because of the nature of template syntax, it may be necessary to use Template:! ({{!}}).

States

  • Autocollapse: By default, the state of a navbox is "autocollapsed". This means that if the number of navboxes in a page exceeds the maximum allocation of the collapsible navboxes, then the remaining navboxes are collapsed automatically. For more information (or to change the setting), see MediaWiki:Common.js.
    • Currently, the autocollapse allocation is 2 (see MediaWiki:Common.js). This means that if there are 3 navboxes in a page, the third and subsequent navboxes will be collapsed automatically.
  • Uncollapsed: Forces the navbox to be displayed.
    • All of the navboxes in this documentation are in the uncollapsed state.
  • Collapsed: The reverse of uncollapsed. Forces the navbox to be hidden instead.
    • Navboxes with a height of more than 300 pixels will also be collapsed automatically. For more information (or to change the setting), see MediaWiki:Common.js.
  • Plain: Removes the "show/hide" link.

Sub-groups

  • For larger navboxes, it may be necessary to include sub-groups within a particular group of items. It is also possible to collapsible navboxes within the parent navbox, see Collapsible sub-groups.
  • To create sub-groups within {{navbox}}, certain parameters are to be included:
    • The parent navbox group (i.e. group2 in the example below) requires the type parameter (gtype2 = Subgroup).
    • The nested navbox (sub-group) requires the inclusion of the sub-group parameter (subgroup = yes). This enables the template to differentiate between the sub-group and the parent navbox.
{{navbox
|name    =
|title   =
|gtitle1 =
|group1  =
|gtitle2 =  
|gtype2  = Subgroup (mandatory)
|group2  = 
  {{navbox
  |subgroup = yes (mandatory)
  |gtitle1  = 
  |group1   =
  |gtitle2  = 
  |group2   = 
  }}
}}

Collapsible sub-groups

  • For extremely long navboxes, it is recommended to use collapsible navboxes within the parent navbox. Further sub-groups can then be added to these collapsible navboxes.
  • To create collapsible sub-groups within {{navbox}}, these parameters need to be included:
    • The parent navbox is almost always uncollapsed (state=uncollapsed).
    • The parent navbox group (i.e. group1 in the example below) requires the type parameter (gtype1 = Subgroup).
    • The nested collapsible navbox requires the inclusion of the collapsible parameter (collapsible = yes). This enables the template to differentiate between the collapsible navbox and the parent navbox.
    • The nested collapsible navbox is forcefully collapsed (state=collapsed).
{{navbox
|state  = uncollapsed
|name   = 
|gtype1 = Subgroup
|group1 = 
  {{navbox
  |collapsible = yes
  |state   = collapsed
  |title   = 
  |gtitle1 = 
  |group1  = 
  |gtitle2 = 
  |group2  = 
  }}
}}

Use of images

  • The use of images in navboxes is permitted, but please resize the images to keep them small. Inventory-sized images (25-30 pixels) are recommended.
  • Please use {{t|plink}} to create links with images. Use {{t|plink}} for any case where text is not desired after the link. It functions the same as {{t|plink}}, but it does not produce a wikilink in text. Use {{t|chatl}} to link chatheads. These templates create links for both the image and text (except for {{t|plink}}) using far less wikicode than the standard syntax.

Link and file share the same name 

{{plink|Item}}

File name differs from the link 

{{plink|Item|File}}

Link and file share the same name, but different text is desired to display 

{{plink|Item|alt=Text}}

File name differs from the link and different text is desired to display 

{{plink|Item|File|alt=Text}}

Categorising

Navboxes are very useful for transcluding categories onto a large number of pages that share both a trait and the navigation box. For example: Template:ShipNavbox transcludes Category:Ships onto every page that uses it.

There are 2 methods of categorising pages with navboxes:

The first way is with {{t|Ctg}}. This is the preferred method, and can be used in most cases. The rules and operations for the Category handler template are very simple; however, they are enough to produce the desired results on most pages.

Categorisation should only be used on a template for large-scale addition. It is unhelpful, for example, to use a rule that only applies to 1 page.

Examples

To see the following navboxes in action, see Template:Navbox.

Single line navbox with centered list

{{navbox
|name    = 
|title   = 
|style1  = text-align:center
|group1  =
}}
{{navbox
|name    = 
|title   = 
|gtitle1 = 
|group1  = 
|footer  = Centered footer
}}
{{navbox
|name    = 
|title   = 
|gtitle1 = 
|group1  = 
|fstyle  = text-align:right
|footer  = Right-aligned footer
}}

Multiple line navbox

{{navbox
|name    = 
|title   = 
|gtitle1 = Group title 1
|group1  = 
|gtitle2 = Group title 2
|group2  = 
|gtitle3 = Group title 3
|group3  = 
}}

Collapsed navbox

{{navbox
|state   = collapsed
|name    = 
|title   = 
|style1  = text-align:center
|group1  = 
}}

Plain navbox with Tnavbar

{{navbox
|state   = plain
|name    = 
|title   = 
|style1  = text-align:center
|group1  = 
}}

Plain navbox without Tnavbar

{{navbox
|state   = plain
|title   = 
|style1  = text-align:center
|group1  = 
}}

Complicated navbox

{{navbox
|state   = uncollapsed
|name    = 
|title   = 
|gtitle1 = Level 1 Title 1
|group1  = 
|gtitle2 = Level 1 Title 2
|group2  = 
|gtitle3 = Level 1 Title 3
|group3  = 
|gtitle4 = Level 1 Title 4
|group4  = 
|gtitle5 = Level 1 Title 5
|gtype5  = Subgroup
|group5  = 
  {{navbox
  |subgroup = Yes
  |gtitle1  = Level 2 Title 1
  |group1   =
  |gtitle2  = Level 2 Title 2
  |group2   =
  |gtitle3  = Level 2 Title 3
  |gtype3   = Subgroup
  |group3   = 
    {{navbox
    |subgroup = Yes
    |gtitle1  = Level 3 Title 1
    |group1   =
    |gtitle2  = Level 3 Title 2
    |group2   =
    }}
  |gtitle4  = Level 2 Title 4
  |group4   = 
  }}
|gtitle6 = Level 1 Title 6
|group6  = 
|gtitle7 = Level 1 Title 7
|group7  = 
|fstyle  = 
|footer  = 
}}

Preventing unwanted documentation

The Navbox template's documentation is automatically transcluded under the navbox on any Template namespace page. It is not transcluded when used as a sub-group or collapsible sub-group template (subgroup= yes or collapsible=yes).

Should the documentation appear when it is unwanted, it can be hidden by setting the doc parameter doc=no on the template. In most cases, the doc parameter is NOT used and the parameter is removed completely.



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